One entry score per market, from real data: OECD house price-to-income and price-to-rent (standardised against each market's own long-run average), plus real GDP-growth demand, financing cost, title security and climate exposure. Ranked from most to least favorable to enter now.
Open favorable ·Ajar selective ·Narrow caution ·Closed overvalued / wait
Price-to-income 116.2Price-to-rent 124.55-yr real price +19.5%
100 = each market's own long-run average · above 100 = overvalued vs its history
Valuation80
Demand44
Financing99
Title88
Climate72
Buy to liveFavorable — priced near or below its long-run norm; financing is workable. Note: prices have run hard recently.
Buy to investSelective — pricing full; only well-located, high-yield assets work.
DevelopCase-by-case — demand is moderate; margin depends on land + build cost. Construction is contracting (-10.7% over 5yr) — thinner pipeline; check why building cooled.
Price-to-income 114.2Price-to-rent 130.15-yr real price +31.4%
100 = each market's own long-run average · above 100 = overvalued vs its history
Valuation78
Demand47
Financing90
Title76
Climate60
Buy to liveFavorable — priced near or below its long-run norm; financing is workable. Note: prices have run hard recently.
Buy to investSelective — pricing full; only well-located, high-yield assets work.
DevelopCase-by-case — demand is moderate; margin depends on land + build cost. Construction is expanding (+57.8% over 5yr) — active market, but more competing supply.
Price-to-income 106.7Price-to-rent 132.15-yr real price -2.6%
100 = each market's own long-run average · above 100 = overvalued vs its history
Valuation81
Demand35
Financing94
Title76
Climate66
Buy to liveFavorable — priced near or below its long-run norm; financing is workable.
Buy to investSelective — pricing full; only well-located, high-yield assets work.
DevelopWeak absorption — soft demand; new supply risks sitting. Construction is contracting (-14.5% over 5yr) — thinner pipeline; check why building cooled.
Price-to-income 114.2Price-to-rent 130.15-yr real price +31.4%
100 = each market's own long-run average · above 100 = overvalued vs its history
Valuation78
Demand43
Financing90
Title74
Climate45
Buy to liveFavorable — priced near or below its long-run norm; financing is workable. Note: prices have run hard recently.
Buy to investSelective — pricing full; only well-located, high-yield assets work.
DevelopCase-by-case — demand is moderate; margin depends on land + build cost. Construction is expanding (+57.8% over 5yr) — active market, but more competing supply.
Price-to-income 136.2Price-to-rent 152.35-yr real price +17.9%
100 = each market's own long-run average · above 100 = overvalued vs its history
Valuation56
Demand40
Financing94
Title84
Climate68
Buy to liveMixed — fair-to-full value; sensitive to your mortgage rate.
Buy to investSelective — pricing full; only well-located, high-yield assets work.
DevelopWeak absorption — soft demand; new supply risks sitting. Construction is expanding (+17.6% over 5yr) — active market, but more competing supply.
Price-to-income 157Price-to-rent 182.55-yr real price +17.4%
100 = each market's own long-run average · above 100 = overvalued vs its history
Valuation30
Demand60
Financing93
Title82
Climate66
Buy to liveStretched — overvalued vs its own history; wait, or negotiate hard.
Buy to investThin yields — prices outrun rents; income case is weak here.
DevelopSupportive — demand and financing back new supply (verify build cost + permits). Construction activity is roughly flat (+5% over 5yr).
★
Who is it for? — profile-weighted view
The same market scores differently for different users. Pick a profile — the ranking reweights the real signals (valuation, demand, financing, title, climate) to that user's priorities. This is the weighting layer of the AGI real-estate brief; actual yields, vacancy and transaction depth need licensed data and are on the roadmap.
Stable rental cash flow. Values reasonable pricing (price-to-rent = yield proxy), real tenant demand and cheap financing.
Same markets, five investors — where the window opens and closes
🇩🇪 Berlin
73
65
83
65
83
🇨🇭 Zurich
73
70
81
71
82
🇰🇷 Seoul
72
65
80
64
79
🇯🇵 Tokyo
69
61
79
61
80
🇫🇷 Paris
69
64
76
65
76
🇸🇪 Stockholm
63
60
74
62
76
🇺🇸 New York
70
67
73
68
74
🇬🇧 London
68
64
74
65
74
🇳🇱 Amsterdam
62
61
70
63
72
🇺🇸 Los Angeles
68
64
69
65
70
🇦🇺 Sydney
61
63
61
66
65
🇨🇦 Toronto
59
62
60
65
64
Rental-income investorCapital-appreciation investorFamily buying a homeDeveloperBank / mortgage lender
Valuation data not available
These markets aren't in OECD house-price valuation coverage, so no honest overvaluation read is possible — we show demand and financing only, never a fabricated valuation.
🇸🇦RiyadhSaudi ArabiaDemand 78Financing 885-yr price -10.2%OECD publishes a price index but no valuation ratio
🇮🇳MumbaiIndiaDemand 73Financing 865-yr price -6.4%OECD publishes a price index but no valuation ratio
🇸🇬SingaporeSingaporeDemand 62Financing 93Not in OECD house-price coverage
🇪🇬CairoEgyptDemand 61Financing 36Not in OECD house-price coverage
🇹🇷IstanbulTurkeyDemand 57Financing 05-yr price +91.4%OECD publishes a price index but no valuation ratio
🇨🇳ShanghaiChinaDemand 45Financing 945-yr price +6%OECD publishes a price index but no valuation ratio
🇲🇽Mexico CityMexicoDemand 44Financing 795-yr price +16.3%OECD publishes a price index but no valuation ratio
🇧🇷São PauloBrazilDemand 42Financing 745-yr price -10.3%OECD publishes a price index but no valuation ratio
Valuation: OECD Analytical House Prices (2024). Demand: World Bank GDP growth + migration + population. Develop lens also notes OECD construction-activity momentum (shown as context, not scored — volume alone can mean an active market or oversupply). Financing, title and climate are current seed indicators. Not investment advice — a screen, not a recommendation. Full methodology →